This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union .

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels, 13 February 2025.

For the Commission

The President

Ursula VON DER LEYEN

( 1 ) OJ L 176, 30.6.2016, p. 21 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/1036/oj .

( 2 ) Notice of initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of decor paper originating in the People’s Republic of China ( OJ C, C/2024/3695, 14.6.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/C/2024/3695/oj ).

( 3 ) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2718 of 24 October 2024 making imports of decor paper originating in the People’s Republic of China subject to registration ( OJ L, 2024/2718, 25.10.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2718/oj ).

( 4 ) Judgment of 14 March 1990, Gestetner Holdings plc v Council and Commission of the European Communities , C-156/87, ECLI:EU:C:1990:116, para. 43.

( 5 ) https://tron.trade.ec.europa.eu/investigations/case-history?caseId=2734 .

( 6 ) Commission Staff Working Document on Significant Distortions in the Economy of the People’s Republic of China for the purposes of Trade Defence Investigations, 10 April 2024, SWD(2024) 91 final. This Report updated the previous Commission Staff Working Document on Significant Distortions in the Economy of the People’s Republic of China for the purposes of Trade Defence Investigations of 20 December 2017, SWD(2017) 483.

( 7 ) Commission Staff Working Document of 20 December 2017 on Significant Distortions in the Economy of the People’s Republic of China for the Purposes of Trade Defence Investigations, SWD(2017) 483 final/2.

( 8 ) Wood pulp and chemicals are the main input materials to produce décor paper, with wood pulp comprising between 15 to 30 % of the total cost of décor paper production. TiO2 and fillers (e.g. flexonyl or iron oxide) are the main chemicals used and represent up to 50 % of the production costs of decor paper.

( 9 ) Report, p. 358.

( 10 ) Report, p. 320.

( 11 ) Report, p. 357.

( 12 ) 14th Five-Year Plan of the Government of China, p. 26, available at: https://cset.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/t0284_14th_Five_Year_Plan_EN.pdf (accessed on 21 November 2024).

( 13 ) 14th Five Year Plan of the Government of China, p. 9, 85, available at: https://cset.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/t0284_14th_Five_Year_Plan_EN.pdf (accessed on 21 November 2024).

( 14 ) 2019 Catalogue for Guiding Industry Restructuring, p. 38 and Section III.12. See also Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1648 of 21 August 2023 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain coated fine paper originating in the People’s Republic of China following an expiry review pursuant to Article 11(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1036 of the European Parliament and of the Council (‘Coated fine paper AD 2023’) ( OJ L 207, 22.8.2023, p. 41 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2023/1648/oj ), recital 67.

( 15 ) Coated fine paper AD 2023, recital 65.

( 16 ) Forest and Grassland Sectoral Development Plan GOC (2021-2025), p. 9, 10.

( 17 ) Report p. 101.

( 18 ) Report p. 294.

( 19 ) Report p. 265.

( 20 ) Report, p. 265.

( 21 ) Report, p. 265.

( 22 ) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/367 of 1 March 2017 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules and key components (i.e. cells) originating in or consigned from the People’s Republic of China following an expiry review pursuant to Article 11(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1036 of the European Parliament and of the Council and terminating the partial interim review investigation pursuant to Article 11(3) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1036 (‘Solar panels AS 2017’) ( OJ L 56, 3.3.2017, p. 131 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2017/367/oj ), recitals 464-465.

( 23 ) Report, p. 275.

( 24 ) Report, p. 278.

( 25 ) Report, p. 289.

( 26 ) Report, p. 180.

( 27 ) See, e.g. Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 452/2011 of 6 May 2011 imposing a definitive anti-subsidy duty on imports of coated fine paper originating in the People’s Republic of China (‘Coated fine paper 2011 AS’) ( OJ L 128, 14.5.2011, p. 18 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2011/452/oj ) recital 75; Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1187 of 3 July 2017 imposing a definitive countervailing duty on imports of certain coated fine paper originating in the People’s Republic of China following an expiry review pursuant to Article 18 of the Regulation (EU) 2016/1037 of the European Parliament and of the Council (‘Coated fine paper AS 2017’) ( OJ L 171, 4.7.2017, p. 134 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2017/1187/oj ), recital 52; Coated fine paper AD 2023, recital 53; Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1647 of 21 August 2023 imposing a definitive countervailing duty on imports of certain coated fine paper originating in the People’s Republic of China following an expiry review pursuant to Article 18 of Regulation (EU) 2016/1037 of the European Parliament and of the Council (‘Coated fine paper AS 2023’) ( OJ L 207, 22.8.2023, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2023/1647/oj ), recitals 55-72.

( 28 ) Report, p. 2.

( 29 ) Ibid.

( 30 ) Ibid.

( 31 ) Report, Chapter 2, p. 7.

( 32 ) Report, Chapter 2, p. 7-8.

( 33 ) Report, Chapter 2, p. 10, 18.

( 34 ) See at: http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/englishnpc/Constitution/node_2825.html (accessed on 18 November 2024).

( 35 ) Report, Chapter 2, p. 29-30.

( 36 ) Report, Chapter 4, p. 57, 92.

( 37 ) Report, Chapter 6, p. 149-150.

( 38 ) Report, Chapter 6, p. 153 -171.

( 39 ) Report, Chapter 7, p. 204-205.

( 40 ) Report, Chapter 8, p. 207-208, 242-243.

( 41 ) Report, Chapter 2, p. 19-24, Chapter 4, p. 69, p. 99-100, Chapter 5, p. 130-131.

( 42 ) See: https://www.hwpaper.cn/ (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 43 ) See: https://www.kingdecor.cn/sort_8.html (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 44 ) See: http://www.qifeng.cn/ (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 45 ) See: https://cn.hengdaxincai.com/tzzgx.html (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 46 ) See p. 79, available at: http://file.finance.sina.com.cn/211.154.219.97:9494/MRGG/CNSESH_STOCK/2024/2024-4/2024-04-02/9935660.PDF (accessed on 18 November 2024).

( 47 ) See p. 144, available at: http://www.chenmingpaper.com/Uploadfile/pdf/202403291007003469.pdf , (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 48 ) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1923 of 10 July 2024 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of titanium dioxide originating in the People’s Republic of China ( OJ L, 2024/1923, 11.7.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/1923/oj ), recital 133.

( 49 ) See https://www.pgvt.cn/index.php?s=Home/Article/lists/art_type/strat_index (accessed on 30 April 2024).

( 50 ) See http://www.ansteel.cn/yewubankuai/fantaichanye/2016-11-18/5.html (accessed on 30 April 2024).

( 51 ) See the company’s 2023 Annual Report, p. 73, available at: https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2024-03-26/1219403167.PDF (accessed on 30 April 2024).

( 52 ) See: http://www.qingshanpaper.com/intro/12.html (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 53 ) See: http://file.finance.sina.com.cn/211.154.219.97:9494/MRGG/CNSESH_STOCK/2018/2018-4/2018-04-17/4241785.PDF (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 54 ) See: http://www.chenmingpaper.com/about/djgz.aspx (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 55 ) See Art. 33 of the CCP Constitution, Article 19 of the Chinese Company Law. See also Report, Chapter 3, p. 47-50.

( 56 ) See Section I.19.1, page 43, available at: https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2019-11/06/5449193/files/26c9d25f713f4ed5b8dc51ae40ef37af.pdf , (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 57 ) See Section I.19.1, page 44, available at:

https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/fzggwl/202312/P020231229700886191069.pdf , (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 58 ) See Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1923, recital (159).

( 59 ) For the sulfuric acid process method, see the 2024 Guidance Catalogue, p. 88 (in force as of 1 February 2024) available at https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/fzggwl/202312/P020231229700886191069.pdf (accessed on 18 November 2024). The method was listed as restricted in the 2019 Guidance Catalogue, p. 84, as well. For the chloride process method, see the 2019 Guidance Catalogue, p. 15 (in force until 31 January 2024), available at https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2019-11/06/5449193/files/26c9d25f713f4ed5b8dc51ae40ef37af.pdf (accessed on 18 November 2024).

( 60 ) See Section III.8, available at: http://www.xinhuanet.com/2021-03/13/c_1127205564.htm , (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 61 ) See: https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2022-06/19/content_5696665.htm , (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 62 ) Ibid, paragraph 3.

( 63 ) Ibid, paragraph 12.

( 64 ) Report, Chapter 2, p. 24-27.

( 65 ) See: http://www.cnfpia.org/sf_8A67D37C5FBF469EB7F2E8CEFF0B36E5_297_4AAFEFB7475.html (accessed on 19 November 2024).

( 66 ) See at: http://www.cnfpia.org/about-law.html (accessed on 15 November 2024).

( 67 ) See p. 11, Hangzhou Huawang New Material Technology’s annual report 2023, available at: https://file.finance.sina.com.cn/211.154.219.97:9494/MRGG/CNSESH_STOCK/2024/2024-4/2024-04-29/10136207.PDF , (accessed on 19 November 2024).

( 68 ) See at: https://www.kingdecor.cn/list_269.html , (accessed 19 November 2024).

( 69 ) Report, Chapter 3, p. 40.

( 70 ) See for example: Blanchette, J. – Xi’s Gamble: The Race to Consolidate Power and Stave off Disaster ; Foreign Affairs, Vol. 100, No 4, July/August 2021, pp. 10-19.

( 71 ) Report, Chapter 3, p. 41.

( 72 ) See at: https://merics.org/en/comment/who-ccp-chinas-communist-party-infographics (accessed on 18 October 2024).

( 73 ) General Office of CCP Central Committee’s Guidelines on stepping up the United Front work in the private sector for the new era, see at: www.gov.cn/zhengce/2020-09/15/content_5543685.htm (accessed on 21 October 2024).

( 74 ) Financial Times (2020) – Chinese Communist Party asserts greater control over private enterprise, see at: https://on.ft.com/3mYxP4j (accessed on 21 October 2024).

( 75 ) See Xianhe 2023 annual report, p. 47, available at:

https://file.finance.sina.com.cn/211.154.219.97:9494/MRGG/CNSESH_STOCK/2024/2024-4/2024-04-27/10119843.PDF (accessed on 25 November 2024).

( 76 ) See Xianhe 2024 half-year report, p. 22, available at:

http://file.finance.sina.com.cn/211.154.219.97:9494/MRGG/CNSESH_STOCK/2024/2024-8/2024-08-15/10375049.PDF (accessed on 25 November 2024).

( 77 ) See Qifeng 2023 annual report, p. 27, available at 2 :

http://www.qifeng.cn/public/upload/file/20240417/1713317915129159.pdf (accessed on 25 November 2024).

( 78 ) See Qifeng 2023 annual report, p. 13, available at:

http://www.qifeng.cn/public/upload/file/20240417/1713317915129159.pdf (accessed on 25 November 2024).

( 79 ) See at: http://www.qingshanpaper.com/news/10237.html (accessed on 25 November 2024) as well as in the company’s 2024 half-year report, p. 49 available at:

https://www.sse.com.cn/disclosure/listedinfo/announcement/c/new/2024-08-20/600103_20240820_CTDO.pdf (accessed on 25 November 2024).

( 80 ) See at: http://www.qingshanpaper.com/news/10237.html (accessed on 25 November 2024) as well as in the company’s 2024 half-year report, p. 11 available at:

https://www.sse.com.cn/disclosure/listedinfo/announcement/c/new/2024-08-20/600103_20240820_CTDO.pdf (accessed on 25 November 2024).

( 81 ) Report, Chapter 12.

( 82 ) Report, Chapter 4, p. 56-57, 99-100.

( 83 ) See Section IV.12, page 27, available at:

https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/fggz/fzzlgh/dffzgh/202105/P020210513602621066980.pdf (accessed 19 November 2024).

( 84 ) See: https://huanbao.bjx.com.cn/news/20210707/1162695.shtml , (accessed 18 November 2024).

( 85 ) See at: https://huanbao.bjx.com.cn/news/20210707/1162695.shtml (accessed on 26 November 2024).

( 86 ) See at: https://jxt.zj.gov.cn/art/2022/12/19/art_1229123455_5040362.html (accessed on 26 November 2024).

( 87 ) See box 8.3, page 39, http://www.forestry.gov.cn/c/www/lczc/44287.jhtml (accessed on 19 November 2024).

( 88 ) See Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1923, recitals (153-172).

( 89 ) Report, Chapter 6, pp. 171-179.

( 90 ) Report, Chapter 9, pp. 260-261.

( 91 ) Report, Chapter 9, pp. 257-260.

( 92 ) Report, Chapter 9, pp. 252-254.

( 93 ) Report, Chapter 13, pp. 360-361, 364-370.

( 94 ) Report, Chapter 13, p. 366.

( 95 ) Report, Chapter 13, pp. 370-373.

( 96 ) Report, Chapter 6, pp. 137-140.

( 97 ) Report, Chapter 6, pp. 146-149.

( 98 ) Report, Chapter 6, pp. 149.

( 99 ) See the Three-year action plan for improving corporate governance of the banking and insurance sectors (2020-2022 ) issued by the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission (‘C BIRC ’) on 28 August 2020; available at: http://www.cbirc.gov.cn/cn/view/pages/ItemDetail.html?docId=925393&itemId=928 (accessed on 21 October 2024). The Plan instructs to ‘ further implement the spirit embodied in General Secretary Xi Jinping’s keynote speech on advancing the reform of corporate governance of the financial sector’ . Moreover, the Plan’s section II aims at promoting the organic integration of the Party’s leadership into corporate governance: ‘w e shall make the integration of the Party’s leadership into corporate governance more systematic, standardised and procedure-based […] Major operational and management issues must have been discussed by the Party Committee before being decided upon by the Board of Directors or the senior management’.

( 100 ) See the Notice on the Commercial banks performance evaluation method issued by the CBIRC on 15 December 2020, available at: http://jrs.mof.gov.cn/gongzuotongzhi/202101/t20210104_3638904.htm (accessed on 21 October 2024).

( 101 ) Report, Chapter 6, pp. 157-158.

( 102 ) Report, Chapter 6, pp. 150-152, 156-160, 165-171.

( 103 ) OECD (2019), OECD Economic Surveys: China 2019, OECD Publishing, Paris. p. 29, see at: https://doi.org/10.1787/eco_surveys-chn-2019-en (accessed on 21 October 2024).

( 104 ) See at: http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-04/20/content_5504241.htm (accessed on 21 October 2024).

( 105 ) WT/DS473- European Union – Anti-Dumping Measures on Biodiesel from Argentina, available at http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds473_e.htm .

( 106 ) Judgement of 11 July 2017, Viraj Profiles v Council , T-67/14, EU:T:2017:481, para. 98.

( 107 ) Notice of initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of decor paper originating in the People’s Republic of China published on 14 July 2024. C/2024/3695. Available at: Notice of initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of decor paper originating in the People’s Republic of China .

( 108 ) World Bank Open Data – Upper Middle Income, https://data.worldbank.org/income-level/upper-middle-income .

( 109 ) https://datawarehouse.dbd.go.th/company/profile/vScPNww_dec61eAs8SfIvBpRIrRb0ZQTkaQ5FAs7U l1gSCofJO0PTqqcpWa511Vv.

( 110 ) NACE Rev. 2: 1723 – Manufacture of paper and paperboard as the narrowest industry sector that contains the 6-digit CN of the product under investigation – Paperboard includes both flexible/lightweight (e.g. specialty) and hard paperboard.

( 111 ) HS codes: 4802 54 , 4802 55 , 4805 91 , 4811 60 .

( 112 ) Global Trade Atlas: https://connect.ihsmarkit.com/ , http://www.gtis.com/gta/secure/default.cfm .

( 113 ) https://app.bot.or.th/BTWS_STAT/statistics/BOTWEBSTAT.aspx?reportID=912&language=ENG .

( 114 ) https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/oecd-economic-surveys-thailand-2023_4815cb4b-en.html .

( 115 ) https://www.boi.go.th/upload/content/Cost_of_Doing_Business.pdf .

( 116 ) Metropolitan Electricity Authority Thailand at https://www.mea.or.th/en/statistics/energy-sales .

( 117 ) US Department of Energy: ‘Benchmark the Fuel Cost of Steam Generation’. Available at https://www.energy.gov/eere/amo/articles/benchmark-fuel-cost-steam-generation .

( 118 ) https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/epposite/viz/_16516675014300/sheet0 .

( 119 ) Regulation (EU) 2015/755 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2015 on common rules for imports from certain third countries ( OJ L 123, 19.5.2015, p. 33 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2015/755/oj ). Article 2(7) of the basic Regulation considers that domestic prices in those countries cannot be used for the purpose of determining normal value.

( 120 ) The Labor Force Survey, National Statistical Office Ministry of Digital Economy And Society Thailand https://www.nso.go.th/nsoweb/storage/survey_detail/2024/20240521125659_79859.pdf .

( 121 ) https://www.mea.or.th/en/statistics/energy-sales .

( 122 ) US Department of Energy: ‘Benchmark the Fuel Cost of Steam Generation’. Available at https://www.energy.gov/eere/amo/articles/benchmark-fuel-cost-steam-generation .

( 123 ) https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/epposite/viz/_16516675014300/sheet0 .

( 124 ) One of the known EU producers manufactured the like product during the period considered but ceased production of decor paper at the end of 2022. Another producer has been involved in an insolvency procedure since 2023.

( 125 ) Based on information in the complaint about import volumes, it was estimated, conservatively, that the cooperating exporting producers represented close to 90 % of the import volumes to the Union from the PRC. Hence, the import volume was adjusted by adding 10 % to the values submitted by the sampled Chinese exporting producers.

( 126 ) The Commission applied a ratio of 15 % based on the comparison made in Surveillance between CN and TARIC additional codes, as explained in recital (203).

( 127 ) The specific ratio and methodology applied for Chinese imports and imports from third countries has been covered in recital (203) and footnotes 125 and 126 above.

( 128 ) The import values have been adjusted by applying an increase of 10 % to the values submitted by the sampled Chinese exporting producers, as explained in footnote 125.

( 129 ) See Annex 7a of the complaint, slides 35–37.

( 130 ) The increase in cost of production was calculated by taking into account, where possible, the different dumping margins of the Chinese exporting producers.

COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2025/291 of 13 February 2025 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of decor paper originating in the People’s Republic of China ANNEX Other cooperating companies