This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union .

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels, 12 May 2026.

For the Commission

The President

Ursula VON DER LEYEN

( 1 ) OJ L 176, 30.6.2016, p. 21 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/1036/oj .

( 2 ) Notice of initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of PET Spunbond originating in the People’s Republic of China, OJ C, C/2025/5010, 15.9.2025, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/C/2025/5010/oj .

( 3 ) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/2409 of 1 December 2025 making imports of PET Spunbond originating in the People’s Republic of China subject to registration ( OJ L, 2025/2409, 2.12.2025,ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2025/2409/oj ).

( 4 ) By way of Powers of Attorney, four exporting producers – including the sampled ones – have authorized the CCCT to act on their behalf in the proceeding.

( 5 ) TRON t25.009148 and t25.009150 of 24 September 2025.

( 6 ) https://tron.trade.ec.europa.eu/investigations/case-view?caseId=2811 .

( 7 ) Since 1 January 2024, the product under investigation is classified under CN codes 5603 14 20 , 5603 13 90 , and 5603 14 80 (residual code). Until 31 December 2023, the product under investigation was mainly classified under CN codes 5603 14 90 and 5603 13 90 .

( 8 ) Commission Staff Working Document on Significant Distortions in the Economy of the People’s Republic of China for the purposes of Trade Defence Investigations, 10 April 2024, SWD (2024) 91 final.

( 9 ) Page 12-13 of the complaint.

( 10 ) Page 13 of the complaint.

( 11 ) Page 13 of the complaint.

( 12 ) Page 13-14 of the complaint and Annex 16.

( 13 ) Page 14 of the complaint.

( 14 ) Page 17 of the complaint.

( 15 ) See Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1040 of 27 March 2024 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain polyethylene terephthalate originating in People’s Republic of China ( OJ L, 2024/1040, 2.4.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/1040/oj ); and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/501 of 18 March 2025 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty and definitively collecting the provisional duty imposed on imports of glass fibre yarns originating in the People’s Republic of China ( OJ L, 2025/501, 19.3.2025, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2025/501/oj ).

( 16 ) Page 17 of the complaint and China Report, pages 346 and 351.

( 17 ) Page 17 of the complaint and China Report page 266.

( 18 ) Page 18 of the complaint.

( 19 ) Page 18 of the complaint.

( 20 ) Page 16 of the complaint and its Annex 22- General 14th 5-Year Plan, page 15 and China Report, pages 320-321.

( 21 ) Page 16 of the complaint and its Annex 24- Intelligent Manufacturing Plan, page 16.

( 22 ) Page 16 of the complaint and its Annex 26- Guiding Catalogue for Industry Structural Adjustment, pages 49-50.

( 23 ) Page 19 of the complaint.

( 24 ) Page 19 of the complaint and China Report, page 149 et seq.

( 25 ) Report – Chapter 2, p. 7.

( 26 ) Report – Chapter 2, p. 7-8.

( 27 ) See at: http://finance.people.com.cn/n1/2026/0128/c1004-40654753.html (accessed on 5 March 2026).

( 28 ) Report – Chapter 2, p. 10, 18.

( 29 ) Available at: http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/englishnpc/Constitution/node_2825.htm (accessed on 8 April 2024).

( 30 ) Report – Chapter 2, p. 29-30.

( 31 ) Report – Chapter 4, p. 57, 92.

( 32 ) Report – Chapter 6, p. 149-150.

( 33 ) Report – Chapter 6, p. 153 -171.

( 34 ) Report – Chapter 7, p. 204-205.

( 35 ) Report – Chapter 8, p. 207-208, 242-243.

( 36 ) Report – Chapter 2, p. 19-24, Chapter 4, p. 69, p. 99-100, Chapter 5, p. 130-131.

( 37 ) See at: https://www.tdf.com.cn/About.html (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 38 ) Ibid.

( 39 ) See Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co. Ltd.’s half-year report, p.192, available at: http://file.finance.sina.com.cn/211.154.219.97:9494/MRGG/CNSESZ_STOCK/2025/2025-8/2025-08-01/11273891.PDF , (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 40 ) See at : http://www.hbbsfzzb.com/about/?95.html (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 41 ) See at : http://huahong-group.com/?list/10.html (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 42 ) See at: https://www.cnita.org.cn/hyfw/hydw/201709/t20170920_4316933.html (acessed on 11 March 2026).

( 43 ) See at: http://file.finance.sina.com.cn/211.154.219.97:9494/MRGG/CNSESZ_STOCK/2023/2023-4/2023-04-25/9052858.PDF (Accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 44 ) See at: http://en.sasac.gov.cn/ (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 45 ) Art. 33 of the CCP Constitution, Article 19 of the Chinese Company Law. See Report – Chapter 3, p. 47-50.

( 46 ) See, p. 145 and 147 of the Made in China 2025 Roadmap available at: https://www.cae.cn/cae/html/files/2015-10/29/20151029105822561730637.pdf (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 47 ) See, p. 45 and 48 of the 2024 Guiding Catalogue for industry structural adjustment available at: https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/fzggwl/202312/t20231229_1362999.html (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 48 ) 14th FYP on raw materials, Sections IV.2 and VIII.1. Available at : https://www.miit.gov.cn/zwgk/zcwj/wjfb/tz/art/2021/art_2960538d19e34c66a5eb8d01b74cbb20.html (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 49 ) Report – Chapter 2, p. 24-27.

( 50 ) See at: http://www.cpcif.org.cn/detail/40288043661e27fb01661e386a3f0001?e=1 (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 51 ) See at: http://www.cpcif.org.cn/list/40288043661dc14701661ddbe0980010 (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 52 ) See at: https://www.cnita.org.cn/ (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 53 ) See at: https://www.cnita.org.cn/xhzc/xhzc/ (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 54 ) See at: https://www.cnita.org.cn/hyfw/hydw/index_20.html (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 55 ) See at: https://www.cnita.org.cn/hyfw/hydw/201709/t20170920_4316933.html (accessed on 11 March 2026).

( 56 ) Report – Chapter 3, p. 40.

( 57 ) See for example: Blanchette, J. – Xi’s Gamble: The Race to Consolidate Power and Stave off Disaster ; Foreign Affairs, vol. 100, no. 4, July/August 2021, pp. 10-19.

( 58 ) Report – Chapter 3, p. 41.

( 59 ) Available at: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-congress-companies-idUSKCN1B40JU .

( 60 ) General Office of CCP Central Committee’s Guidelines on stepping up the United Front work in the private sector for the new era: www.gov.cn/zhengce/2020-09/15/content_5543685.htm (accessed on ….).

( 61 ) Financial Times (2020) - Chinese Communist Party asserts greater control over private enterprise: https://on.ft.com/3mYxP4j (accessed on ….).

( 62 ) See at: https://www.yuhong.com.cn/about/Team/Executive/2019/0614/210.html (accessed on 12 March 2026).

( 63 ) See Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology CO. Ltd.’s annual report 2016, p. 86, available at: http://file.finance.sina.com.cn/211.154.219.97:9494/MRGG/CNSESZ_STOCK/2017/2017-4/2017-04-21/3265799.PDF (accessed on 12 March 2026).

( 64 ) See at: https://finance.sina.com.cn/jjxw/2025-11-28/doc-infyyany9813180.shtml?froms=ggmp (accessed on 12 March 2026).

( 65 ) Ibid.

( 66 ) See at: https://www.changde.gov.cn/cdzx/cdyw/content_78161700 (accessed on 13 March 2026).

( 67 ) See at: http://www.sinopec.com/u/cms/gfyw/202411/27092756kosx.pdf , p. 26 (accessed on 12 March 2025).

( 68 ) See at: http://www.sinopecgroup.com/group/gsglc/index.shtml (accessed on 12 March 2026).

( 69 ) See at: http://www.sinopecgroup.com/group/000/000/041/41878.shtml (accessed on 12 March 2026).

( 70 ) Report – Chapter 14, Sections 14.1 to 14.3.

( 71 ) Report – Chapter 4, p. 56-57, 99-100.

( 72 ) See at : https://www.cae.cn/cae/html/files/2015-10/29/20151029105822561730637.pdf , p. 145 and 147 (accessed on 12 March 2026).

( 73 ) See at: https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-03/13/content_5592681.htm (accessed on 12 March 2026).

( 74 ) Ibid Section III.8.

( 75 ) See at: https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2021-12/29/content_5665166.htm (accessed on 12 March 2026).

( 76 ) Ibid. See Section IV.2.

( 77 ) See at: https://www.miit.gov.cn/zwgk/zcwj/wjfb/yj/art/2022/art_4ef438217a4548cb98c2d7f4f091d72e.html (accessed on 13 March 2026).

( 78 ) See at: http://gxt.shandong.gov.cn/module/download/downfile.jsp?classid=0&filename=17e54531cb74483596b5cca1a40ec8d8.pdf (accessed on 12 March 2026).

( 79 ) See at: https://www.tdf.com.cn/search.html?keywords=%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C&appIds=all (accessed on 13 March 2026).

( 80 ) See at: http://www.hunan.gov.cn/xxgk/wjk/szfbgt/202108/t20210825_20396613.html (accessed on 13 March 2026).

( 81 ) See at: https://xdt.changde.gov.cn/zwgk/public/6617380/8364528.html (accessed on 13 March 2026).

( 82 ) See at: https://www.changde.gov.cn/cdzx/qxdt/content_1085558 (accessed on 13 March 2026).

( 83 ) See at: https://jxt.hubei.gov.cn/fbjd/xxgkml/jhgh/202203/t20220325_4056642.shtml (accessed on 13 March 2026).

( 84 ) Report – Chapter 6, p. 171-179.

( 85 ) Report – Chapter 9, p. 260-261.

( 86 ) Report – Chapter 9, p. 257-260.

( 87 ) Report – Chapter 9, p. 252-254.

( 88 ) Report – Chapter 13, p. 360-361, 364-370.

( 89 ) Report – Chapter 13, p. 366.

( 90 ) Report – Chapter 13, p. 370-373.

( 91 ) Report – Chapter 6, p. 137-140.

( 92 ) Report – Chapter 6, p. 146-149.

( 93 ) Report – Chapter 6, p. 149.

( 94 ) GOC Ad hoc Support to Banks, Official announcement, Ministry of Finance, China, 29 March 2025 https://www.mof.gov.cn/zhengwuxinxi/caizhengxinwen/202503/t20250329_3961036.htm (accessed on 12 March 2026).

( 95 ) See official policy document of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission of 28 August 2020: Three-year action plan for improving corporate governance of the banking and insurance sectors (2020-2022): http://www.cbirc.gov.cn/cn/view/pages/ItemDetail.html?docId=925393&itemId=928 (accessed on 8 April 2024). The Plan instructs to ‘further implement the spirit embodied in General Secretary Xi Jinping’s keynote speech on advancing the reform of corporate governance of the financial sector’. Moreover, the Plan’s section II aims at promoting the organic integration of the Party’s leadership into corporate governance: ‘we shall make the integration of the Party’s leadership into corporate governance more systematic, standardised and procedure-based […] Major operational and management issues must have been discussed by the Party Committee before being decided upon by the Board of Directors or the senior management’.

( 96 ) See CBIRC’s Notice on the Commercial banks performance evaluation method, issued on 15 December 2020: http://jrs.mof.gov.cn/gongzuotongzhi/202101/t20210104_3638904.htm .

( 97 ) See at: https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/202511/content_7047643.htm (accessed on 12 December 2025).

( 98 ) Ibid, Section 11.

( 99 ) Report – Chapter 6, p. 157-158.

( 100 ) Report – Chapter 6, p. 150-152, 156-160, 165-171.

( 101 ) OECD (2019), OECD Economic Surveys: China 2019, OECD Publishing, Paris. p. 29, available at:

https://doi.org/10.1787/eco_surveys-chn-2019-en .

( 102 ) http://www.mof.gov.cn/zhengwuxinxi/caizhengxinwen/202006/t20200618_3534446.htm

(accessed on 13 March 2026).

( 103 ) World Bank Open Data – Upper Middle Income, https://data.worldbank.org/income-level/upper-middle-income .

( 104 ) https://euracoal.eu/coal/why-is-there-no-lignite-market/ . Last consulted 10 April 2026.

( 105 ) https://docs.wto.org/dol2fe/Pages/FE_Search/FE_S_S006.aspx?DataSource=Cat&query=@Symbol=%22G/SG/N/6/TUR/27%22%20OR%20@Symbol=%22G/SG/N/6/TUR/27/*%22&Language=English&Context=ScriptedSearches&languageUIChanged=true .

( 106 ) https://connect.spglobal.com/

( 107 ) https://www.macmap.org/

( 108 ) ( https://app.bot.or.th/BTWS_STAT/statistics/BOTWEBSTAT.aspx?reportID=636&language=ENG )

( 109 ) https://www.mea.or.th/en/our-services/mea-service/e-service/electric-monthly-calculate/type4 .

( 110 ) Ministry of Energy - Energy policy and planning office (Table 7.2-4) https://www.eppo.go.th/index.php/en/en-energystatistics/energy-economy-static .

( 111 ) Regulation (EU) 2015/755 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2015 on common rules for imports from certain third countries ( OJ L 123, 19.5.2015, p. 33 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2015/755/oj ). Article 2(7) of the basic Regulation considers that domestic prices in those countries cannot be used for the purpose of determining normal value.in.

( 112 ) https://app.bot.or.th/BTWS_STAT/statistics/BOTWEBSTAT.aspx?reportID=636&language=ENG .

( 113 ) https://www.boi.go.th/index.php?page=utility_costs .

( 114 ) https://www.mea.or.th/en/our-services/tariff-calculation/latestft .

( 115 ) Ministry of Energy - Energy policy and planning office (Table 7.2-4) https://www.eppo.go.th/index.php/en/en-energystatistics/energy-economy-static . Last consulted 29 January 2026.

( 116 ) National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB), Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA), Bank of Thailand (BOT), Energy Policy and Planning Office (EPPO), and Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE).

( 117 ) https://www.imarcgroup.com/lignite-coal-price-trend . Last consulted 10 April 2026.

( 118 ) t26.001265 .

( 119 ) t26.001265 .

( 120 ) Polyester Spunbond in Waterproofing Membranes EU27 Market Estimates .

( 121 ) Annex 7 of the complaint.

( 122 ) Annex 7 of the complaint.

COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2026/1063 of 12 May 2026 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of PET Spunbond originating in the People’s Republic of China ANNEX